in many employers' plans, there is a matching contribution from the employer which provides the real power to the plan. Beware. Many companies invest the 401K plan money heavily in their own company stock. If the company has an unusually bad financial problem, you might find this money in jeopardy as well as your job. The best 401K plans allow you to control the investment vehicles for your money.

Typically, at the time of retirement, a 401K plan is "rolled over" into a standard IRA, from which the retiree then makes withdrawals over time to provide retirement income.

What is a Keogh Retirement Account?

A Keogh retirement account is a tax deferred retirement plan for self employed people. If you are self employed, with a sole proprietorship or a partnership, then this is the plan you may want to consider setting up. Any type of qualified retirement account can be set up to cover self employed individuals. You should also look into 401K plans, and standard and Roth IRAs.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each. One advantage to the Keogh plan is that contributions are deducted from the gross income. Contribution limits are more liberal than those allowed with some other retirement accounts. As with other retirement accounts, tax is deferred until money is withdrawn, usually after retirement. In some cases, lump sum withdrawals may be eligible for 10 year averaging which can provide a tax benefit.

Another IRA type used for self employed sole proprietors is a SEP IRA which has less complex filing administrative paperwork and allows higher contributions.

What is a Roth IRA?

The Roth IRA came into existence in 1998 and is named after the late Senator William V. Roth, Jr. The chief advantage of a Roth IRA is obvious. Although there is no deferral of taxes on the money originally invested in a Roth IRA, as in other IRAs, all income earned by the investments in a Roth account is tax free when it is withdrawn. Another benefit is that you are not required to take distributions beginning at age 70 1/2 as with other accounts, so if you don't need the money to live on, it can continue growing and earning for you tax free. Also, a Roth IRA makes it easier in some cases to take early withdrawals without penalties compared to other retirement accounts.

For many people, the Roth IRA is a wonderful retirement investment account. Some employers offer Roth 401K plans.

There are, however, limitations on who may contribute and under what conditions. Individuals with higher incomes may not be able to use a Roth IRA. Check with your accountant or the IRS for current rules.

You need to plan early and do your homework thoroughly. Review your choices regularly since rules and types of accounts change over time. Don't wait until you are 60 to start planning for your retirement or you'll be sorry.

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